Sedulo curavi, humanas actiones non ridere, non lugere, neque detestari, sed intelligere atque adeo humanos affectus, ut sunt amor, odium, ira, invidia, gloria, misericordia et reliquae animi commotiones non ut humanae naturae vitia, sed ut proprietates contemplatus sum, quae ad ipsam ita pertinent, ut ad naturam aëris aestus, frigus, tempestas, tonitru et alia huiusmodi, quae, tametsi incommoda sunt, necessaria tamen sunt, certasque habent causas, per quas eorum naturam intelligere conamur, et mens eorum vera contemplatione aeque gaudet, ac earum rerum cognitione, quae sensibus gratae sunt.
Of course English has some other resources to bring to bear on such problems, as demonstrated by Gosset's 1883 translation:
LATIN TRANSLATION AFFECTUS FREE
This led me to ponder (not for the first time) the stylistic advantages - or at least differences - of Latin's inflectional morphology and free word order. I have labored carefully not to ridicule, not to lament, and not to detest, but to understand human actions. Reading this yesterday afternoon, on a train returning from a committee meeting in DC, I mentally supplied the missing English words, and realized that the result is problematically awkward, in a way that punctuation can't fix: That's Brendan's translation, which captures the relevant essence, although it leaves out the second of Spinoza's four infinitives ( ridere, lugere, detestari, intelligere) and also their object ( humanas actiones). I have labored carefully, not to ridicule, or detest, but to understand. Sedulo curavi, humanas actiones non ridere, non lugere, neque detestari, sed intelligere.
vestis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887) vestis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D.Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press second-person singular present active indicative of vestiō.garment, gown, robe, vestment, clothing, vesture.Vestis f ( genitive vestis) third declension ( Ecclesiastical ) IPA ( key): /ˈves.tis/,.( Classical ) IPA ( key): /ˈu̯es.tis/,.
The root was also the source of English wear. Cognate with Old Armenian զգեստ ( zgest ), Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌹 ( wasti ), Tocharian B wastsi, and Ancient Greek εἷμα ( heîma, “ garment ” ). Esperanto Pronunciation įrom Proto-Italic *westis, from Proto-Indo-European *wéstis, from *wes- ( “ to be dressed ” ).
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